Fill assumptions

Mid Price vs Fill Price in Options

The midpoint is a reference price. The fill price is the execution assumption your model actually pays.

Direct answer

Mid price is the average of bid and ask. Fill price is what the strategy assumes it could execute. In options backtests, use midpoint only when quote quality, size, and trade evidence support it.

Why midpoint is tempting

Midpoint looks objective and easy to compute. For liquid contracts it may be a reasonable benchmark, but it still requires evidence that orders could realistically execute near that level.

Why fill price matters more

The fill price determines realized P&L. A backtest that enters at mid and exits at mid may ignore the most expensive part of trading the contract.

How to model it

Keep bid, ask, midpoint, last, size, and timestamp. Test near-side and marketable fills beside midpoint assumptions before trusting a strategy result.

Quote vs Trade Timeline

Bid, ask, midpoint, and prints show why last price alone is fragile.

CallsPuts

Bid/Ask Spread by Strike

Lower bars usually produce more defensible fill assumptions.

CallsPuts
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